Bad Weeds

The term 'bad weeds' is a little misleading as there is really no such thing as a bad plant, all plants create habitat for small animals and help to increase the organic matter in the top soil but there are some plants that will make the land harder to work by covering the earth in prickles and thorns. Others may have irritating poisons and some may attract irritating insects like hairy caterpillars. In fact it is the job of aggressive plants like these to protect the land from further damage from animals. These aggressive plants usually only appear and become dominant when the land has been damaged by any of a number of things. Once that would have been damage done by animals but today it is damage from modern tillage agriculture, road building, forestry, mining,  urban development and the use of poisons and fire as land management tools. Aggressive plants are working together to keep animals and therefore humans out of the area so that erosion can be controlled and topsoil can return. But if people want to work the land then it may be helpful to remove those weeds and replace them with other gentler ground covers that feed the ecosystem and build soil.

The types of weeds that people have to deal with varies greatly around the world, from place to place and climate to climate, so it would be a little difficult to list all the weeds that you may end up having a problem with. The purpose of these examples here is to give you an idea of what sort of characteristics you may be looking for in a plant that will tell you if this a problem plant to be eliminated or a useful plant to be spread around the garden. 

Above, siam weed, (chromoleana odorata), grows very fast in the wet season, smothering all and producing masses of seed.

Right, billy goat weed or blue top, (ageratum conyzoides). Similar in appearance to siam weed but smaller and prefers drier conditions. An invasive weed producing seed in all seasons and from a small size. 

Above and right. Spanish needles, (bidens alba), produces masses of barbed, irritating seeds that get stuck in clothing, hair and animal fur. 

Above and right. Giant sensitive weed, (mimosa diplotricha). A savage legume that responds aggressively to fire, poison and cultivation. Used as a green manure in some places, plants like this are attempting to protect the land from further damage and do build soil but make hands on management of the land very difficult. Use gloves to remove this plant and put it in pile, should it have seeds and mulch over it or burn it, and replace with other gentler ground covers. Watch the spot for seedlings and mulch over or pull out should they appear. Young seedlings are easier to control than adult plants. Goats will control it as it is an excellent goat food and is preferred by goats over almost all other plants.

Right, learn to identify weeds when they are very young and they can be removed much more easily than when they are mature. Carpets of weeds will come up at the beginning of the wet season making them easy to identify and remove while they are small. The seed leaves of m. diplotricha sprouts are very sweet. 

Above, xanthium spinosum 

Above, xanthium spinosum  

Above, urena lobata 

Above, urena lobata  

 
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